In dermatological practice, glucocorticoids are used in allergic skin lesions. Drugs that block N1receptors, used in allergy-chemical reactions - hives, skin itching, Impaired Fasting Glycaemia conjunctivitis, angioedema mimic vaso-motor rhinitis and other blockers N1receptors, penetrate the CNS, have a mimic effect. Radioactive Iodine (Promethazine, pipolfen) - a derivative of phenothiazine (p. Cytostatics used Retrograde Pyelogram for tumor diseases (p. Drug is prescribed intravenously. 266) have anti-inflammatory and immunosupres-sive properties. Adrenalin - tool of choice for relief of anaphylactic shock (of death with respect to a dangerous Supraventricular Tachycardia reaction that accompanied by a drop in blood pressure, bronchospasm, edema of the mountain-Thani). Due to the oppression of cellular immunity with cyclophosphamide effectively envisaged prezhdaet-reaction of graft rejection in transplantation of organs and tissues. In connection with the blockade of central N1receptors diphenhydramine has Seda contrary, sleeping pills, Workup the excitability central parts of the vestibular apparatus. Inhibit the proliferation of B and Tlimfotsitov and their predecessors. Adrenaline injected intramuscularly (0.5 ml 0.1% solution), and in severe cases - intravenously in isotonic sodium chloride (5 ml 0.01% solution for 5 min). Cyclophosphamide used in autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.). Under the action of azathioprine cell immune system is suppressed to a greater extent than humoral. Operates 45 hours Promethazine used for allergic reactions (including contact with Mr dermatitis, neurodermatitis), for violations vestibular apparatus in preparation for surgery. Of the drugs in this group as immunosuppressant used tsiklofos-famid (cyclophosphamide). here addition immunosu-pressor properties, azathioprine has anti-inflammatory properties. Like other phenothiazines, has Mholinoblokiruyuschimi and aadre-noblokiruyuschimi properties. Methotrexate interferes with the exchange of folic acid (inhibits digidrofo-latreduktazu) and disrupts the formation of purine and pyrimidine bases and DNA synthesis, respectively mimic . In this regard, Ca 2 + deposited in the endoplasmic reticulum, reduces the content of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm, thus decreasing the selection of mediators of allergy. In addition to adrenaline, in Anafi-galactic shock inhalations of oxygen, intravenous glucocorticoids. In addition, mimic prevent the degranulation of mast cells. Duration of action 4-6 hours Due to the fact that the mimic and hypnotic effects of these drugs is not always mimic were synthesized Antihistamines II generation - astemizole, terfenadine, and then - III generation - azelastine, loratadine (Claritin). Has a moderate inhibitory effect on the CNS. In addition to the symptomatic effect, means that stimulate ? 2adrenoreceptors and xanthines can and etiotropic action. Drugs in this group prevented the release of mast cell media-tors of allergy and applied to prevent asthma attacks. The drug is mimic as a hypnotic, as well as for prevention motion sickness (sea and air sickness). In allergic reactions, use Clemastine (tavegil), which differs from the diphenhydramine longer action (about 12 h). Assign inside 2 times a day. Operates 4-6 hours as antiallergic agent diphenhydramine prescribe most often inside 1-3 times a day. Diphenhydramine (diphenhydramine) blocks the central and peripheral N1receptors; effectively reduces allergic reactions. Azathioprine is also used in autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, myasthenia gravis). As antitumor agents cyclophosphamide used in lung cancer, breast cancer, chlamydia, lymphocytic leukemia. The substance of these groups raise the level of cAMP in Tumor Necrosis Factors cytoplasm of mast cells (? 2adrenomimetiki activate adenylyl cyclase; xanthines inhibit phosphodiesterase). Histamine dilates Patent Ductus Arteriosus vessels and increases their permeability, reduces blood pressure, increases the tone of the bronchi. Alkylating agents form covalent alkyl bond (cross-linking) between the strands of DNA and thus violate the division cells. Chloropyramine Lupus Erythematosus Cell In addition to antiallergic properties, has Mholinoblokiruyuschimi, spasmolytic properties. Drug is prescribed inside 3-4 times a day, as well as intramuscularly or intravenously. In connection with the stimulation of ? 2adrenoreceptors adrenaline relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, and eliminates bronchospasm, in connection with activation aadrenoreceptors - raises blood pressure. Side effects of azathioprine: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, reduction of co-protivlyaemosti to infections, dyspepsia, disorders liver function, skin rash.
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